Dehorning is a simple surgical operation. However, when it is not done cautiously, it can result in some serious complications. 

The most common complications that can arise include: 

  • Increased or uncontrolled hemorrhage (bleeding)
  • Pain
  • Risk of bacterial infection which results in sinusitis, production of pus infection, and possible brain abscessation. 
  • Parasitic invasion (myasis from fly maggots)
  • Death

To avoid complications, ensure proper post-operative care: 

  • Clean the animal before and after the procedure.
  • Use artery clamps to reduce bleeding during procedure.
  • Administer sedation or a local anesthetic to reduce pain.
  • Apply blood coagulation powder after bleeding has slowed or stopped, and apply fly spray to the wound.
  • The wound should be well cleaned, treated with antibiotic spray and receive a general antibiotics injection. 
  • Apply a wound dressing and renew the dressing each week. Use sulfonamide and renew the bandage, if there is pus.
  • Inspect the dehorned animal regularly for at least 10 days.
  • The animal's shelter should be clean. The animal should be confined for a period of time to reduce risk of infection and rotting.
  • Dehorning that leaves an open wound should not be used during flu season. Paste and hot dehorning are acceptable any time of the year.