RTB eLearning

Course Summary: Ornamental Finishing Works

The course on Ornamental Finishing Works introduces learners to the principles, materials, and techniques used in enhancing the aesthetic and functional qualities of buildings through decorative finishes. It emphasizes practical skills and theoretical knowledge required to execute works such as plaster mouldings, cornices, terrazzo finishes, wall and ceiling decorations, floor finishes, and other ornamental treatments.

The module covers the identification and preparation of finishing materials, use of appropriate tools and equipment, surface preparation, and application techniques to achieve durable and visually appealing finishes. It also integrates aspects of measurement, cost estimation, safety, and quality standards in ornamental works.

By the end of the course, students will have the competence to interpret drawings and specifications, prepare work surfaces, apply decorative finishes, and maintain high standards of workmanship that align with both traditional and modern construction practices.

Oxy-acetylene gas welding is a fusion welding process that uses a flame produced by burning acetylene (C₂H₂) with oxygen (O₂) to melt and join metals.

2. Equipment Used:

• Oxygen cylinder (black)

• Acetylene cylinder (maroon)

• Pressure regulators

• Hoses (red for acetylene, blue for oxygen)

• Welding torch

• Welding tips/nozzles

• Spark lighter

• Protective gear (goggles, gloves, apron)

3. Types of Flames:

• Neutral flame (1:1 ratio of oxygen and acetylene) – used for most welding.

• Carburizing flame (excess acetylene) – used for welding high-carbon steels and non-ferrous metals.

• Oxidizing flame (excess oxygen) – used for brass, bronze, and certain steels.

4. Advantages:

• Portable and versatile.

• Low initial equipment cost.

• Suitable for welding, cutting, brazing, and heating.

• Ideal for thin metal sheets and maintenance work.

5. Disadvantages:

• Not suitable for welding thick sections.

• Slower than arc welding.

• Generates lower temperatures.

• Fire and explosion risks due to combustible gases.

6. Applications:

• Sheet metal work

• Automobile repairs

• Plumbing and refrigeration

• Metal sculpture and art

7. Safety Precautions:

• Check for leaks before use.

• Use in well-ventilated areas.

• Never use oil or grease on regulators or fittings.

• Keep cylinders upright and secured.

• Follow correct lighting and shutdown procedures.

Our module covers Oxy-Acetylene Gas Welding on Mild Steel, structured into three key learning outcomes. First, it focuses on preparing for welding operations by introducing the process, highlighting safety, health, and environmental practices, and identifying the necessary tools and equipment. The second part emphasizes applying welding techniques on mild steel, including interpreting technical drawings, workpiece preparation, flame ignition, welding positions, types of welds, identifying defects, and finishing work. The final part deals with post-operation activities such as maintaining equipment and proper reporting. This module ensures trainees gain practical skills for safe and effective gas welding operations.

This module focuses on identifying, diagnosing, and managing animal parasites to promote animal health and productivity. It covers the major groups of parasites—helminths, arthropods, and protozoa—and their associated diseases.

1. Identification of Animal Parasites

Learners study the main classes of parasites:

• Helminths – including nematodes, cestodes, and trematodes, described by their structure, lifecycle, and mode of infection.

• Arthropods – such as insects, mites, and ticks, described by their morphology, development, and role as vectors.

• Protozoa – single-celled parasites classified based on movement (flagella, cilia, pseudopodia) and mode of reproduction.

2. Description of Common Parasitic Diseases

Students learn about major parasitic diseases:

• Helminthiasis – caused by parasitic worms like roundworms, tapeworms, and flukes.

• Arthropod-borne diseases – caused or transmitted by ticks, flies, lice, and mites (e.g., anaplasmosis, babesiosis).

• Protozoosis – caused by protozoan parasites such as Trypanosoma, Eimeria, and Babesia.

3. Diagnosis of Common Parasitic Diseases

The module trains students to:

• Conduct clinical examinations following proper procedures.

• Collect and handle samples (blood, feces, skin scrapings, etc.) according to protocols.

• Examine samples using laboratory techniques (microscopy, flotation, staining).

• Interpret results accurately based on clinical signs and lab findings.

4. Treatment and Control of Parasitic Diseases

Learners gain practical skills in:

• Applying effective treatments specific to helminths, arthropods, and protozoa.

• Monitoring animal health during and after treatment.

• Implementing biosecurity and preventive measures such as sanitation, vector control, vaccination, and isolation to reduce disease spread.

Parts production on a CNC machine is the process of creating mechanical components by using computer-controlled tools to shape raw materials into finished products. It involves the use of CAD/CAM software to design the part, generate machining codes (G-code), and guide the CNC machine in executing precise operations such as cutting, milling, turning, drilling, and grinding.

The process begins with preparing the design, selecting suitable material, and setting up the machine with the required tools. Once the program is loaded, the CNC machine automatically performs machining operations with high accuracy, speed, and repeatability, producing parts that meet the required dimensions, tolerances, and surface finish.

CNC parts production is widely used in industries like automotive, aerospace, medical, and manufacturing, where consistency and precision are essential. It allows for mass production, reduced errors, and cost efficiency compared to manual machining.

CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machines produce parts with high precision and repeatability by using programmed instructions. The process starts with a CAD model, which is converted into a CAM program that generates G-code and M-code to control tool movements, cutting speed, feed rate, and spindle rotation. Raw material fixed on a workholding device is shaped by cutting tools layer by layer into the final part, with operations such as milling, turning, drilling, and grinding often done in one setup. This method ensures accuracy, consistency, high productivity, and reduced human error, with finished parts inspected to meet quality and tolerance standards.

This course provides students with both theoretical knowledge and practical skills required to perform Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) on mild steel effectively and safely in various applications. The focus is on understanding the properties of mild steel, welding tools and equipment, electrode selection, and step-by-step welding techniques.

This course introduces the fundamental principles and practices of sand casting, one of the oldest and most widely used manufacturing processes for producing metal parts. Students will gain theoretical knowledge and practical skills in preparing sand molds, selecting suitable materials, pouring molten metal, and finishing cast products.